How to use virtual reality in simulated practice to teach medicines management to nursing students

In an age where medication errors can have dire consequences for young patients, Cardiff University has pioneered an innovative approach that is reshaping how nursing students are trained. Imagine a scenario where nursing students, equipped with virtual reality headsets, step into a simulated pediatric ward. They watch real-time interactions between nurses and patients, critically assessing the choices made in high-stakes situations. This immersive experience, grounded in state-of-the-art technology, offers more than just theoretical knowledge; it bridges the gap between learning and real-life application, ensuring that future nurses are thoroughly prepared for the complexities of medication management.

The Imperative of Medication Safety Education

Historically, medication errors in children’s care have posed significant challenges, often leading to dire consequences. Research indicates that such errors stem from a variety of factors, including inadequate checks and an overwhelming clinical environment. A systematic review by Marufu et al. (2022) underscored the necessity for medication safety education, particularly through simulation. Acknowledging this critical need, Cardiff University aimed to revolutionize its nursing curriculum by implementing virtual reality into its training protocols.

The Project Development

The project emerged in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, which accelerated the transition to digital education methods. “In a rapidly changing educational landscape, we recognized the importance of leveraging technology to create impactful learning experiences,” states Angharad Barklam, a lecturer in children’s nursing. The team quickly set to work, undertaking meticulous planning to design realistic clinical scenarios that would raise awareness of potential medication errors.

• Create immersive learning environments that simulate real-world experiences.
• Facilitate problem-solving learning through realistic clinical situations.
• Enhance understanding of critical nursing skills related to medication management.

Three gripping scenarios were scripted and filmed using 360-degree camera technology. Each captured essential moments in pediatric medication management, allowing students to witness firsthand the complexities and potential pitfalls in nursing practice.

Real-Life Scenarios

The first scenario revolved around a critical medication error where a child was mistakenly given another patient’s antibiotic. “Through this scenario, students can see how numerous factors, from distractions to procedural failures, converge to create a high-risk situation,” explains Julia Tod, a former senior lecturer at the university. In the debriefing sessions following the immersive experiences, students reflected on these errors and learned how to navigate similar situations in real life.

Another scenario focused on a child refusing medication during an acute asthma attack, illustrating three distinct approaches to engage with the patient. “This scenario emphasizes not only the clinical decision-making processes but also the ethical implications associated with coercing a child into taking medication,” notes Nelson Selvaraj, a lecturer in adult nursing, who highlights the importance of considering a patient’s emotional experience.

Challenges and Adaptations

Despite the groundbreaking potential of virtual reality, challenges such as technological limitations and student adaptability surfaced. The initial equipment, being of consumer-grade quality, encountered issues such as stabilization and resolution. “It was a learning curve; some students experienced motion sickness due to camera imperfections,” shares Peter Smith, the simulation technician involved in the project. Understanding this, the team promptly implemented inclusive practices such as providing a non-VR video option for students who struggled with VR technology.

Student Responses and Academic Validation

Evaluations from the inaugural VR training session revealed overwhelmingly positive feedback: 97% of students reported an improved understanding of medication management, while 94% found the scenarios relevant to their practice. “It’s clear that the immersive experience facilitates a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in medicine management,” adds Barklam. Yet the challenges aren’t to be overlooked. Students voiced concerns about the potential for motion sickness, calling for advancements in the technology to enhance comfort and immersion.

• 75% of students expressed a desire for improved equipment.
• 85% reported that the VR scenarios made them feel more prepared for real-life nursing challenges.
• 94% felt that participating in a VR session was an effective way to learn about medicines management.

The Path Forward

Looking ahead, the project team envisions further enhancements including upgraded filming equipment, additional scenarios, and even multilingual resources to accommodate Welsh-speaking students. “By improving our technology, we can create even more engaging and educational content for our nursing students,” states Tod. The ultimate goal is to ensure comprehensive medication management education that not only reduces errors but also cultivates a workforce ready to meet the complexities of modern healthcare.

This groundbreaking approach to nursing education highlights the immense potential of technology to transform how practical skills are taught. By immersing students in lifelike scenarios, Cardiff University is not just enhancing educational outcomes but is also actively contributing to safer healthcare practices for vulnerable populations. As the healthcare landscape evolves, so too must the training methods that prepare the next generation of nurses, blending technology and pedagogy to shape a resilient, well-equipped workforce.

Source: www.nursingtimes.net